Scientific Imperialism: Difficulties in Definition, Identification, and Assessment

Scientific Imperialism and the Proper Relations between the Sciences

patterns and variations in native and non-native interlanguage pragmatic rating: effects of rater training, intercultural proficiency, and self-assessment

although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

assessment of deep word knowledge in elementary and advanced iranian efl learners: a comparison of selective and productive wat tasks

testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

New optimized model identification in time series model and its difficulties

Model identification is an important and complicated step within the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methodology framework. This step is especially difficult for integrated series. In this article first investigate Box-Jenkins methodology and its faults in detecting model, and hence have discussed the problem of outliers in time series. By using this optimization method, we wil...

Commercial Imperialism?

We exploit the recent declassification of CIA documents and examine whether there is evidence of US power being used to influence countries’ decisions regarding international trade. We measure US influence using a newly constructed annual panel of CIA interventions aimed at installing and supporting leaders during the Cold War. Our presumption is that the US had greater influence over foreign l...